脑卒中4种评定量表的效度、信度及可操作性检验

目的比较4种脑卒中评定量表的效度、信度和可操作性。方法103例脑卒中患者同时接受改良爱丁堡—斯堪的那维亚脑卒中评分量表(MESSS)、美国国立卫生研究所脑卒中评分量表(NIHSS)、欧洲脑卒中评分量表(ESS)和加拿大神经功能评分量表(CNS)评分,评分值与Barthel指数(BI)进行相关分析,与不同结局(死亡/生存)进行Logistic回归分析。另外对20例脑卒中患者进行评定,测定各量表的平均评分时间以及评分者间一致性。结果量表与BI的相关系数分别为:MESSS-0.804～-0.815、CNS0.694～0.696,NIHSS和ESS0.721～0.793,MESSS与BI的相关系数高于CNS(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析表明4种量表均对死亡有充分的预测能力;CNS的评分者间一致性最好,MESSS次之,NIHSS和ESS的一致性最差;评定所需时间为CNS最短,NESSS较长,NIHSS和ESS最长。结论MESSS具有最高的效度,较好的信度和可操作性。故在没有更理想的量表供选择的情况下,推荐选用MESSS。     

Short-term Results of Liver Transplantation With Octogenarian Donors

Background

There are increasingly more patients awaiting liver transplantation while the number of donors has remained stable. It has been proven that grafts from donors older than 60 years have comparable results with those from younger donors. It is unclear whether this is so with donors older than 80 years old.

Changes and mechanisms of FFA/H-FABP in right ventricular lipotoxicity injury of pulmonary arterial hypertension rats induced by monocrotaline北大核心CSCD

肺动脉高压(pulmonary artery hypertension,PAH)是一类复杂的、多因素导致的恶性进展性疾病。PAH患者死亡的主要原因是右心室功能衰竭。在正常生理状态下,心脏60%~90%的能量主要来自于脂肪酸的氧化。研究发现,PAH患者出现明显的右心室代谢紊乱,能量代谢特点转变为糖利用增加而脂肪酸利用减少[1-2]。因此,深入探讨PAH时脂质代谢病理机制及特点,寻找PAH右室损伤的脂毒性靶点具有重要意义。     

平板运动试验在诊断女性冠状动脉疾病中的临床意义

目的：评价平板运动试验(treadmill exercise testing，TET)在诊断女性冠状动脉疾病(coronary artery disease，CAD)中的应用价值。方法：回顾性分析1995年3月-2002年11月在本院作冠状动脉造影(coronary arteriography,CAG)并同时行TET检查的104例女性患的临床资料。TET检查采用日本国立心血管疾病中心(NCVC)制定的方案，评价指标包括ST段压低程度、运动后3min收缩期血压(SBP)与运动高峰时SBP比值[SBP比(3’)]和是否发生心绞痛(angina pectoris，AP)。结果：单用ST段压低作为诊断指标，其灵敏度为98．2％，特异度为4．2％；ST段压低结合SBP比(3’)时，其灵敏度为83．9％，特异度为89．6％；ST段压低结合AP作为诊断指标，其灵敏度为89．3％．特异度为95．8％。结论：ST段压低与SBP比(3')及AP的综合评估可提高TET对女性CAD的临床诊断的准确性。     

Toxic trace elements at gastrointestinal level

Many trace elements are considered essential [iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu)], whereas others may be harmful [lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As)], depending on their concentration and chemical form. In most cases, the diet is the main pathway by which they enter our organism. The presence of toxic trace elements in food has been known for a long time, and many of the food matrices that carry them have been identified. This has led to the appearance of legislation and recommendations concerning consumption. Given that the main route of exposure is oral, passage through the gastrointestinal tract plays a fundamental role in their entry into the organism, where they exert their toxic effect. Although the digestive system can be considered to be of crucial importance in their toxicity, in most cases we do not know the events that occur during the passage of these elements through the gastrointestinal tract and of ascertaining whether they may have some kind of toxic effect on it. The aim of this review is to summarize available information on this subject, concentrating on the toxic trace elements that are of greatest interest for organizations concerned with food safety and health: Pb, Cd, Hg and As.